Thursday, March 24, 2022

War and Freedom of the Press

Silencing of Anti-War Voices

It’s no secret that Antiwar voices are very frowned upon and silenced in our country. The government loves war, the money and business it brings. The silent majority of us doesn’t side with this view, and rather sees the lives lost. 

Every war in history has had it’s opposition, but one with an enormous backlash was the Vietnam War.

We will focus on Barbara Tischler’s “The Antiwar Movement,” chapter 20 in particular, as it pertains to the so called “freedom” of the press. 


It’s funny, right off the bat, it is written, “The young American men and women who joined forces to say “No” to their government were not raised to be rebellious.”

The reason I find this humorous is due to the word “rebellious.” Questioning government, and authority in general, should never be considered “rebellious” but rather, common practice. We the people have a responsibility to uphold the accountability of those voted into office. 

This brilliant work by Tischler includes the origin of antiwar activism, a trait often favored and instilled into those who had been taught the language of democracy, liberalism, and optimism. 

This information I present today was not on the nightly news, or even in the newspapers. Though the streets were filled with passionate antiwar protests, the news during the era of the Vietnam War painted an “American” “civic responsibility” to send tens of thousands of American soldiers into Vietnam. Was this the case? Well, it depends who you’re asking. 

Early acts of protest against the war were not of group conscience, but of brave Americans with the stones to speak up. One in particular, Roger LaPorte, even doused himself in flames for the cause. The passion, though crazy, is admirable to be quite honest. 


The general distaste of war was not just of the people, but even more so the soldiers. In fact, they were “the locus of widespread antiwar activity.”

The writing previously mentioned and linked says, 

“The disclosure of official military harassment aided the organizing efforts of the Gl antiwar
movement. An individual soldier punished for an unpopular, although not necessarily
illegal, antiwar action could be ignored, but as the number of publicly antiwar soldiers
grew, their actions, as reported in the Gl press, encouraged others to express their
opposition to American military policy more openly.” 


One thing is for sure, antiwar voices will never stop talking, but their suppression will continue to be squandered by Big Brother and their helper, the press. 




EOTO 3 Terms and Concepts

 Adversarial and Gotcha Journalism 

Adversarial Journalism 

A type of aggressive and antagonistic journalism with a goal of exposing scandal and wrongdoings. It is typically focused on higher ups and CEOs of companies and government officials. 

Adversarial Journalism has been used all throughout history. Some examples include, breaking up oil monopolies, passing stricter food and drug regulations, and exposing child labor abuses. 


“Gotcha” Journalism

Similar to adversarial journalism, but much more aggressive. Attempts to trap the person being interviewed in their own words and coerce them to make self damaging statements. 

The goal is to find short sound bites and quotes to harm one’s reputation. This is seen very frequently in presidential debates. 


The Good and the Bad

Adversarial Journalism 

  • Press must be separate from government 

  • We the people must be skeptical of government 

“Abridgment of owners' speech rights, either by legislation or by judicial opinion, is unconstitutional.”                                                              -heinonline.org

Gotcha Journalism 

  • Media crosses the line, goes too far in setting up for embarrassment 

  • Ask questions which seemingly have no good way to answer

  • Found worldwide

  • Press use of hidden cameras started in the 1920s to “add depth”      

  • Morality and ethics are in question

Copyright: 1995 University of Marylandhttp:/www.ajr.org/














EOTO 2 Journalism Heroes

 William Randolph Hearst 

William Randolph Hearst got his beginning tastes of the journalism world when he started working as a business editor at the Harvard Lampoon. Though he took an important editorial role to the student paper, it didn’t stop him from getting expelled. His habit of missing classes and hosting massive beer parties at the Harvard Square ended his career at the university. 

His father, mining tycoon, George Hearst, wanted his son to pursuer the mining industry with him. Having already developed a liking to journalism, he instead convinced his father to give him control of the San Francisco Examiner

                              

At only the age of 24, Hearst had control of the paper, and begin using family money to completely rework the San Francisco Examiner. He figured to have a great paper, he needed the best writers at the time. He hired Ambrose Bierce, Mark Twain, among other talented newspaper writers. To catch attention, they focused on a sensational newspaper style, focused on catchy headlines, photos, and graphics to make the paper appealing to everyone. 

It took two years before the paper started to turn a profit. Circulation jumped from 5,000 to 55,000 by the time William R. Hearst was 27 years old 

FINAL EOTO David Broder

David Broder  Journalism’s Modern Heroes  David Broder was born in Chicago Heights, Illinois in 1929. Upon receiving his M.A. in political ...